Complete the following definition: In writing, logical fallacies are ________
- errors in thinking or connecting ideas.
- false statements resulting from poor research.
- data and opinions that oppose the writer's viewpoint.
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A car advertisement that uses the bandwagon or celebrity appeal approach suggests that ________
- the celebrity shown in the advertisement will take you for a ride in his new car.
- because the celebrity in the advertisement drives this kind of car, you should, too.
- if you buy this car, then you will be featured in a car advertisement, like the celebrity.
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Choose the example of an ad hominem fallacy in reasoning.
- My neighbor has always voted for Albert's party, so I think I will, too.
- Albert isn't qualified to be on the city council because he lives in another township.
- Albert can't be governor because he's a narrow‐minded, chauvinistic idiot.
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The slippery slope fallacy assumes that ________
- adding more and more facts will prove the truth and logic of the larger premise.
- because one minor fact is true, then the larger premise must also be true—without further proof.
- when all the facts are assembled, the accumulated burden of proof will prove the premise.
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Which of the following statements shows an example of an ad populum fallacy?
- Only native‐born, patriotic Americans should be allowed to hold elected office.
- I weighed all the facts and studied the data, so now I know who to vote for.
- Everyone at work is voting for the Libertarian candidate, so I'll vote for her, too.
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- circular reasoning
- slippery slope
- either/or reasoning
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Choose the TRUE statement.
- An ideological fallacy is the statement of your cultural, religious, or moral values, which are false.
- Ideological reasoning is the use of cultural, religious, or moral values to prove a position.
- Ideological reasoning is when the writer's stated opinions are naïve and overly optimistic.
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